Central African Republic...
Tuesday, 14 October 2008 09:01

Central African Republic: UN reports mounting human rights abuses

 

10 October 2008 – Extrajudicial killings, torture and arbitrary arrests, mostly attributed to the defence and security forces and encouraged by a culture of impunity, have contributed to a considerable deterioration in human rights in the Central African Republic (CAR), according to a United Nations report released today.

The Central African Republic (Government) is urgently advised to resolutely follow a policy that is based more firmly on the struggle against impunity,” the UN Peacebuilding Support Office in the country, known by its French acronym BONUCA, says.

Drawn up by BONUCA’s human rights section, the report cites a serious worsening of the security situation in the north of the country where Government forces, rebels and highway bandits have been active, all of whom committed atrocities. In the south-east, the rebel Ugandan Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) has been reported to be operating.

But most violations are attributed to the forces of order. “In effect, these agents do not respect the ban on torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, nor that on arbitrary arrest and detention,” says the report, which covers the first six months of 2008.

“The forces of defence and security whose mission is to protect the civilian population blithely violate the laws of war. In their operations against rebels or bandits they make no distinction between those who have taken up arms and civilians… In reprisal raids, the military burn houses, execute people rightly or wrongly accused of complicity with rebels or bandits.”

The report cites the case of soldiers parading a vehicle in the town of Bouar with severed heads that they claimed belonged to highway bandits they had shot.

Meanwhile, the bandits – who, according to information received by BONUCA, could be Chadians – torture travellers, plunder local residents, and kidnap women and children for ransom. The rebel Armée populaire pour la restauration de la democratie (APRD) prevents some residents from moving around.

The presence of both bandits and the defence forces has also forced thousands of villagers who had returned to their homes after a previous flight to flee to the bush again.

In Haut Mbomou district in the south-east, 300 armed men from Uganda, whose modus operandi resembled that of the LRA, kidnapped 150 people, including 55 children and physically abused them. Several women said they had been raped.

BONUCA has also tallied cases of torture and cruel treatment across the board in detention centres. Police carry out arbitrary arrests and detentions in flagrant violation of the penal code under which they must be brought before a magistrate within 48 hours.

BONUCA reports “a climate of perfect cooperation” with representatives of state human rights bodies and this has enabled some infringements of the law by the judiciary to be corrected.

But, it concludes, “the Central African authorities must take urgent concrete actions.

“Impunity remains the major factor in the persistence of extrajudicial and arbitrary executions,” it adds, calling for investigations into all allegations of human rights violations and the effective punishment of the perpetrators. 


 

 
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
Tuesday, 14 October 2008 09:00

Ban calls on Member States to uphold human rights while fighting terrorism

 

9 octobre 2008 – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has underscored that nations are duty-bound to protect human rights while countering terrorism, in a new report made public today. 

Member States are bound to ensure respect for human rights and the rule of law as the fundamental basis in the fight against terrorism,” Mr. Ban wrote in a report on the implementation of a General Assembly resolution adopted last December.

In that resolution, the 192-member body confirmed that nations must guarantee that any steps taken to fight terrorism conforms with their obligations, specifically regarding international human rights, refugee and humanitarian law.

The Secretary-General’s report notes that “Member States should reaffirm their commitment to the total prohibition of torture by prohibiting torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment in international law.”

It also calls for people responsible for torture and ill-treatment to be prosecuted and for barring the use of statement extracted under torture, whether interrogations take place at home or abroad.

Mr. Ban also appealed for access for monitors to all prisoners in detention, as well as well as the closure of places of secret detention.

“Further, Member States should abide by the principle of non-refoulement and refrain from returning persons to countries where they may face torture,” he writes.

The publication points out that the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, human rights treaty bodies and Special Rapporteurs have all voiced concern over extrajudicial killings and summary executions; the alleged use of secret detention centres; and irregular transfers of people suspected of participating in terrorist activities.

  

 

 
Myanmar
Tuesday, 14 October 2008 08:59

Myanmar: UN expert outlines steps for improving human rights

 

8 octobre 2008 – Improving the situation of human rights in Myanmar is still a challenging task, according to the independent United Nations expert on the issue, who has outlined a series of measures for the South-East Asian as it proceeds with its “road map to democracy” announced earlier this year.

Respect for international human rights standards is indispensable in paving the road to democracy,” Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, writes in a report released today.

 

“Myanmar is going through a unique moment in its political history,” he says, noting that the country’s new Constitution was finalized in February and adopted through a referendum in May. “The next step in the road map for national reconciliation and democratic transition is the election in 2010.”

He stresses that if those general elections are prepared and conducted in an atmosphere in which human rights are fully respected, “the process will be credible, resulting in progressive achievement of democratic values.”

Mr. Quintana proposes four core human rights elements to be completed by the Government before the 2010 elections. The first is to review and amend those domestic laws which limit fundamental rights – such as freedom of expression, opinion, peaceful assembly and association – and contravene the new Constitution and international human rights standards.

“The right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association, as well as the right to freedom of opinion and expression, are fundamental rights to be respected in the process towards the establishment of a solid and reliable democracy,” stated the Special Rapporteur.

“However, full enjoyment of those rights remains outstanding in Myanmar, according to reliable reports on the extension of detentions and/or new arrests of political activists.”

Mr. Quintana proposes the progressive release of prisoners of conscience, of which there are more than 2,000 detained in different facilities around the country.

“Without the free participation of prisoners of conscience, the very credibility of the general elections of 2010 would be at stake,” he stressed, adding that prisoner release would also reduce tension and inspire political participation.

Last month the Myanmar authorities freed several detainees as part of an amnesty procedure, including the country’s longest-serving political prisoner, U Win Tin, and six other senior members of the National League for Democracy (NLD), whose leader Aung San Suu Kyi remains under house arrest.

Mr. Quintana had welcomed the move, saying he hoped it “would be the first in a series of releases of other prisoners of conscience.”

The transition to multi-party democratic and civil government, as planned by the new Constitution, will require “an intensive process of incorporating democratic values,” the Special Rapporteur notes.

Among the measures the Government should adopt are repealing discriminatory legislation, continuing efforts to respond to the aftermath of the deadly cyclone that struck the country in early May, and avoiding the recruitment of child soldiers.

He also suggests a number of changes for the country’s judiciary, which currently “is not independent and is under the direct control of the Government and the military.” Proposed measures include guaranteeing due process, exercising full independence and impartiality and setting up mechanisms to investigate human rights abuses.

Mr. Quintana, who took up his post in May 2007, serves in an independent and unpaid capacity and reports to the Geneva-based UN Human Rights Council, as do all Special Rapporteurs.

 

 
South Africa: UN rights chief urges protection for foreigners after brutal killing
Friday, 10 October 2008 11:51

7 October 2008 – The top United Nations human rights official today condemned the brutal killing of a Somali family in South Africa, and urged the authorities to take immediate action to protect foreigners from any further attacks.

Sahra Omar Farah, her two teenage sons – one of whom was deaf – and her 12-year-old daughter were stabbed and bludgeoned to death last Friday in a shop run by fellow Somalis in a village in the Eastern Cape, according to a news release issued by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR).

Ms. Farah’s body was reported to have been stabbed over 100 times, and initial signs suggest that both she and her daughter may have been subjected to sexual assaults.

“I strongly condemn these murders of a defenceless family, apparently simply because they were foreigners,” said High Commissioner for Human Rights Navanethem Pillay.

“Xenophobic attacks unfortunately occur regularly in quite a few countries, but this is one of the most vicious examples we have heard of recently, outside of war zones.

“Somalia is currently in a deplorable state, with conflict raging – especially in Mogadishu, where this family is believed to have come from – and there is huge displacement and suffering. To find safe haven in a country like South Africa, only to be brutally murdered a short while later, is beyond tragic,” she stated.

Last Friday’s incident is the latest in a series of attacks targeted against foreigners living in South Africa. In May, tensions related to the large-scale influx of migrants and refugees into the country erupted into several days of attacks on foreigners that left over 60 people dead and more than 15,000 displaced.

Ms. Pillay noted that Somali traders and shopkeepers have been a particular target, with another three Somali shopkeepers murdered since last Friday in Johannesburg and Port Elizabeth.

“There appears to be a dangerous pattern of targeted attacks on foreigners, especially, but not exclusively, involving Somalis,” Ms. Pillay said. While she welcomed the arrest of three suspects in the attack, the High Commissioner called for concerted and long-term efforts by authorities to prevent such violence in the future.


 
SG: Giornata della Gioventù
Monday, 25 August 2008 14:23

 

Nonostante la scienza del cambiamento climatico sia complicata, la realtà dei fatti è più semplice: il mondo sta andando incontro a gravi problematiche. Me ne sono reso conto durante la mia visita in Antartide, dove i ghiacci si stanno sciogliendo molto più velocemente del previsto. Lasciato irrisolto, il cambiamento climatico potrebbe causare un rallentamento dei progressi per il raggiungimento degli Obiettivi di Sviluppo del Millennio e avere gravi conseguenze per la pace e la sicurezza. A meno di non cambiare radicalmente il nostro stile di vita, quando i giovani del 2008 avranno raggiunto la mia età, il mondo sarà diventato un luogo inospitale.

Il tema della Giornata Internazionale della Gioventù di quest’anno è “I giovani e il cambiamento climatico: è il momento di agire”. I giovani d’oggi dovranno sopportare le conseguenze del cambiamento climatico, a causa della sfortunata eredità lasciata dai loro avi. In modo particolare, nei paesi in via di sviluppo, i giovani, specialmente le ragazze e le giovani donne, si occupano dell’agricoltura, della ricerca di acqua e della raccolta di legna. Questi compiti diventeranno sempre più difficili - toglieranno tempo all’educazione e alle attività produttive -  in quanto il cambiamento climatico influisce su disponibilità di acqua, produzione agricola e sopravvivenza degli ecosistemi.

Tuttavia, i giovani sono pronti a contribuire a questa battaglia fin da adesso. Essi sono in grado di diffondere nuove abitudini e tecnologie. Adattano rapidamente i propri stili di vita e le loro scelte professionali in modo da renderle ecologiche nel quotidiano. E’ dunque giusto che sia data ai giovani la possibilità di partecipare attivamente ai processi decisionali a livello locale, nazionale e globale. Essi possono inoltre sposorizzare attivamente le iniziative che porteranno allo sviluppo di una legislazione più ampia.

Abbiamo bisogno dello spirito dei giovani affinchè il mondo adotti forme di energia più pulita e sostenibile, comprese le fonti rinnovabili. La transizione verso un’economia a basse emissioni di carbonio, che mi auguro i giovani possano vedere nell’arco della loro vita, offrirà loro delle straordinarie opportunità. Non da meno, la crescita economica, alimentata da un’energia pulita e dall’innovazione tecnologica, creerà posti di lavoro che a sua volta contribuiranno ad alleviare il difficile problema della disoccupazione.

In occasione di questa Giornata Internazionale della Gioventù, invito i giovani di tutto il mondo ad investire le loro energie e le loro brillanti idee per costruire un pianeta più sicuro e sostenibile.

 

 
Nuovo Alto Commissario per i Diritti Umani
Monday, 28 July 2008 09:00

 

Il Segreatrio Generale Ban Ki-moon ha reso noto all’Assemblea Generale la sua intenzione di nominare la giudice sudafricana Navanethem Pillay nuovo Alto Commissario delle Nazioni Unite per i Diritti Umani. Pillay prenderà il posto della canadese Louise Arbour, la quale ha terminato di recente il suo mandato quinquennale.

Dal 2003 Pillay ha prestato servizio come giudice presso la Corte Penale Internazionale dell’Aja, nei Paesi Bassi. Nel 1995 è entrata a far parte – in veste di giudice e di Presidente - del Tribunale Penale Internazinoale ONU per il Ruanda.

Ban Ki-moon ha dichiarato che la nomina del giudice Pillay è il risultato di “un ampio processo di selezione” che ha previsto delle consultazioni con gli Stati membri e con le varie organizzazioni non governative.

Il Segretario Generale si è impegnato a garantire che la salvaguardia dei diritti umani resti una priorità importante dell’organizzazione. Egli si aspetta che il nuovo Alto Commissario preservi l’indipendenza del suo incarico e che mantenga delle relazioni di lavoro proficue con l’Assemblea Generale e il Consiglio dei Diritti Umani.

Ban Ki-moon è determinato a dare pieno supporto a Pillay nello svolgimento della sua funzione, prevedendo inoltre maggiori risorse finanziarie, come di recente approvato dall’Assemblea Generale.

 
Conferenza: Riaffermando I Diritti Umani
Wednesday, 16 July 2008 12:41

 

La 61esima Conferenza Annuale organizzata dal Dipartimento di Pubblica Informazione ONU (DPI) in collaborazione con le ONG si terrà a Parigi presso l’UNESCO da mercoledì 3 settembre a venerdì 5 settembre. La conferenza dal titolo: “Riaffermando i Diritti Umani: la Dichiarazione Universale al suo 60esimo anniversario”, per la prima volta nella sua storia non si svolgerà presso la sede delle Nazioni Unite di New York ma a Parigi, dove fu originariamente firmata la Dichiarazione Universale dei Diritti Umani nel 1948.

  La Conferenza è stata organizzata grazie alla collaborazione tra il Comitato Esecutivo ONG/DPI, l’UNESCO, l’Ufficio dell \'Alto Commissario per i Diritti Umani e il Governo Francese.
La Conferenza ha come obiettivo quello di trovare procedure efficaci affinchè la società civile possa contribuire alla promozione dei diritti umani non solo a livello internazionale, ma anche regionale e locale, così da sviluppare una maggiore consapevolezza sui problemi legati ai diritti umani e poter rafforzare l’impegno per promuoverli in tutto il mondo. 

  Elemento fondamentale della Conferenza sarà la particolare attenzione alla partecipazione attiva attraverso le 5 tavole rotonde, i 42 workshops e sessioni varie. Contemporaneamente avranno luogo diversi eventi, tra cui una mostra d’arte sulla Storia della Dichiarazione Universale, un’esposizione di disegni, foto, quadri e poster sul tema dei diritti umani.

  In aggiunta ai rappresentanti delle ONG, delle organizzazioni civili, delle circoscrizioni elettorali di base, del sistema ONU e degli Stati membri, saranno anche presenti rappresentanti dei media, delle istituzioni accademiche, del settore privato e di altre istituzioni.

 

 

 

 
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